NCCN临床实践指南:直肠癌(2025.V2)
指南制定者:美国国家综合癌症网络
出处:NCCN官网
发布时间:2025-03-31
1.指南来源(Guide Source):
NCCN临床实践指南:直肠癌 V2.2025.发布已获NCCN肿瘤学临床实践指南(NCCN指南®)许可。©2025美国国家综合癌症网络公司.保留所有权利。未经NCCN明确的书面许可,不得出于任何目的以任何形式复制NCCN指南®和文中的插图。要查看NCCN指南的最新完整版本,请访问NCCN.org。NCCN指南是一项持续进行的工作,可能会随着新的重要数据的出现而不断完善。
2.免责声明(Disclaimers):
NCCN对其内容、使用或应用不做任何形式的担保,并否认以任何方式对其应用或使用承担任何责任。
在下载本篇指南前,请先您详细阅读并同意以下协议:
NCCN内容不得用于商业目的,以及NCCN作为NCCN内容的许可方,不作任何陈述或保证,并明确否认NCCN指南适用于任何特定患者的护理或治疗,任何医院、寻求使用《NCCN指南》治疗患者的临床医生或其他医疗服务提供者(“提供者”)应根据特定患者护理或治疗的具体临床情况做出独立的医疗判断,NCCN不建议、推荐或认可任何提供者(无论是否与被许可方相关)进行任何有偿或无偿的医疗治疗、咨询或服务,也不应因被许可方建议、推荐或认可任何此类提供者的作为或不作为而直接或间接承担责任。详见《NCCN最终用户许可协议》
3.专家名单(Staff):
*Al B. Benson, III, MD/Chair † Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
*Alan P. Venook, MD/Vice-Chair † ‡ UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
Mahmoud M. Al-Hawary, MD ф University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center
Nilofer Azad, MD † The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
Yi-Jen Chen, MD, PhD § City of Hope National Medical Center
Kristen K. Ciombor, MD † Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center
Stacey Cohen, MD † Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/ Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
Harry S. Cooper, MD ≠ Fox Chase Cancer Center
Dustin Deming, MD † University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center
Linda Farkas, MD ¶ UT Southwestern Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
Ignacio Garrido-Laguna, MD, PhD † Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah
Jean L. Grem, MD † Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center
Andrew Gunn, MD ф O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center at UAB
J. Randolph Hecht, MD † UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
Sarah Hoffe, MD § Moffitt Cancer Center
Joleen Hubbard, MD † ‡ Mayo Clinic Cancer Center
Steven Hunt, MD ¶ Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes- Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
William Jeck, MD ≠ Duke Cancer Institute
Kimberly L. Johung, MD, PhD § Yale Cancer Center/Smilow Cancer Hospital
Natalie Kirilcuk, MD ¶ Stanford Cancer Institute
Smitha Krishnamurthi, MD † Þ Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/ University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
Wells A. Messersmith, MD † University of Colorado Cancer Center
Jeffrey Meyerhardt, MD, MPH † Dana-Farber Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center
Eric D. Miller, MD, PhD § The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
Mary F. Mulcahy, MD ‡ † Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
Steven Nurkin, MD, MS ¶ Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center
Michael J. Overman, MD † ‡ The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Aparna Parikh, MD † Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
Hitendra Patel, MD † UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center
Katrina Pedersen, MD, MS † Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes- Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
Elizabeth Raskin, MD ¶ UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center
Leonard Saltz, MD † ‡ Þ Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Charles Schneider, MD † Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
David Shibata, MD ¶ The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
John M. Skibber, MD ¶ The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Constantinos T. Sofocleous, MD, PhD ф Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Elena M. Stoffel, MD, MPH ¤ University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center Eden
Stotsky-Himelfarb, BSN, RN † ¶ ¥ The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
Christopher G. Willett, MD § Duke Cancer Institute
NCCN Kristina Gregory, RN, MSN Lisa Gurski, PhD
4.临床试验(Clinical Trials):
NCCN认为任何癌症患者都可以在临床试验中得到最佳治疗,因此特别鼓励患者参与临床试验。 寻找NCCN成员组:https://www.nccn.org/home/member-institutions
5.NCCN对证据和共识分类( NCCN Categories of Evidence and Consensus):
推荐均为2A类,除非另有说明,请参见下表:
|
NCCN 对证据和共识的分类 |
1类 |
基于高水平证据,NCCN一致认为此项治疗合理 |
2A类 |
基于低水平证据,NCCN一致认为此项治疗合理 |
2B类 |
基于低水平证据,NCCN基本认为此项治疗合理 |
3类 |
基于任何水平证据,NCCN对此项治疗是否合理存在重大分歧 |
6.NCCN首选分类( NCCN Categories of Preference):
所有建议均视为合理,请参见下表:
|
NCCN 优先使用分类 |
首选干预方法 |
若合适,可负担,则基于疗效、安全性和证据更优的干预方法 |
推荐的其他干预方法 |
其他繁育方法可能疗效较低,毒性更多,或一句的数据不太成熟;或者具有相似疗效,但费用明显较高 |
某些情况下有用 |
其他干预方法可能会用于选定的患者人群(根据推荐类型定义) |
|
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